Besides, the expression of oxidative stress-related signaling protein Sod2 and the phospho-p38/total p38 ratio was also significantly upregulated in the retina of the ischemia-injured rats by 1.17 and 1.88 folds (p < 0.01), respectively, compared to the uninjured normal rats (Figures 4(d) and 4(e)). Here, SOD2 is linked to ischemia.