NR3C1 and rheumatoid arthritis: In contrast, CpdA administered intraperitoneally showed similar or slightly reduced efficacy compared to DEX in attenuating collagen-induced arthritis (82, 123, 124) and repressed the inflammatory response as effectively as glucocorticoids in ex-vivo models using fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis patients (108, 123, 125, 126), while displaying less side-effects, such as hyperinsulinemia (82), bone-loss (108, 124) and homologous down-regulation of the GR (123), than glucocorticoids.