Pro- and active- forms of IL-1β have been found to be upregulated in the vitreous humor (19, 22, 24–26, 109, 140, 145, 149), aqueous humor (21, 238), retina (209), and serum (12, 145, 239) of patients with retinal degenerations such as wet AMD (12, 19, 239), diabetic macular edema (149, 238), retinal detachment (109, 208, 209), RVO (19, 201), glaucoma (21), retinitis pigmentosa (22), and diabetic retinopathy (19, 24–26, 140, 144, 145, 240). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and diabetic retinopathy.