RIG-I (Retinoic acid-inducible gene I) encoded by the DDX58 gene in the human genome (1, 2) and MDA5 (Melanoma Differentiation-Associated protein 5) encoded by the IFIH1 gene (3, 4) are known as important protein initiators of earliest immune responses to viral infection. The gene discussed is IFIH1; the disease is viral infectious disease.