HMGB1 and Alzheimer disease: In a murine model of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD, HMGB1 and RAGE were found in high concentrations within the lesions of DNCB treated mice, along with higher levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and phosphorylated NF-κB, all of which were reduced after treatment with glycyrrhizin, a compound that targets HMGB1 (87).