TNF and respiratory tract infectious disorder: In murine respiratory infection models, neutrophil depletion resulted in lethal A. baumannii infections with enhanced bacterial burdens of the lung that were associated with delayed production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), KCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) (Van Faassen et al., 2007; Tsuchiya et al., 2012).