IKr-mediated LQTS includes LQT2, as well as LQT6 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E regulatory subunit 2), whereas IKs-mediated LQTS includes not only LQT1 but also LQT5 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E regulatory subunit 1) and LQT11 (A-kinase anchoring protein 9), as well as INa-mediated LQTS, including LQT3, 9 (caveolin 3), LQT10 (sodium voltage-gated channel beta subunit 4), and LQT12 (syntrophin alpha 1). Here, INA is linked to long QT syndrome 1.