In keeping with a major role played by retinol in the pathogenesis of progressive NAFLD, a recent study in large independent cohorts of individuals from the general population demonstrated that a single nucleotide polymorphism in Hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13, rs72613567:TA), encoding for a splice variant, was associated with protection against both alcoholic and nonalcoholic progressive fatty liver disease at exome-wide level [37] (Table 1). The gene discussed is HSD17B13; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.