PPARG and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Recently, studies conducted on the anti-obesity effects of soy isoflavones from molecular mechanisms and metabolic analysis [28], have reported that soy isoflavones increased the production of the metabolites, S-equol and O-desmethylangolensin (O-DMA), and could regulate various transcription factors that regulate metabolism such as PPARα, PPARβ, and PPARγ.