Indeed, modulation of RAB7 expression and/or activity, considering the multiple key roles of this GTPase in membrane traffic and, in particular, in lysosomal biogenesis, activity and exocytosis, affects cellular homeostasis and could help to prevent and control, for instance, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases and, in general, neurological disorders with alterations in RAB7-dependent membrane trafficking events. This evidence concerns the gene RAB7A and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.