TGFB1 and lung cancer: The higher occurrence of DNA methylation gain along the EMT gradient, especially in gene promoters, is consistent with previous studies: TGF-β induced EMT results in hypermethylated DNA loci;15 a higher number of hypermethylated CpG sites are found in mesenchymal-like lung cancer cells than in the epithelial-like phenotype;34 DNA hypermethylation is more prominent at gene promoters during TGF-β-induced EMT in Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells16.