In this article, recent literature on the epidemiology and clinical findings of IA in patients who have lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative diseases and are undergoing novel targeted treatment with kinase inhibitors, agents targeting cell surface antigens, chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells, and antibodies to immune checkpoint molecules is reviewed and the clinical impact of IA on the overall management of the underlying disease is discussed. The gene discussed is CD53; the disease is myeloproliferative disorder.