Next, using the manually curated catalog of 1108 primary human ID-associated genes (SysID database; https://sysid.cmbi.umcn.nl/; June 2018 download), 56% (627) of which account for ID without brain malformations and 43% (481) for ID co-occurring with brain malformations26, we identified an overlap of 30 NAP genes (Supplementary Data 15) of human unique orthologs of genes whose disruption in mouse models yielded neuroanatomical phenotypes (BH-p < 0.1; LMM). Here, CTNNBL1 is linked to cerebral malformation.