IRF9 and cancer: One study has applied unsupervised and supervised ML techniques to genomic information to predict whether pseudoprogression or true progression will occur after treatment.55 Analytical and clinical validation in this radiogenomic study strongly suggested that interferon regulatory factor (IRF9) and X-ray repair cross-complementing gene (XRCC1), which were involved in cancer suppression and prevention respectively, are predictive biomarkers.