TGFB1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In placebo‐treated obese rats, no inflammatory or fibrotic responses were observed, suggesting that the increased urinary TBARS excretion in these rats was presumably not derived from vascular and neutrophilic NADPH‐induced oxidative stress.34 Interestingly, obesity did significantly aggravate DS‐induced macrophage presence and triggered up‐regulation of many extracellular matrix components with a TGFβ signature,35, 36 suggesting putative interaction with DS‐induced hypertension for this particular aspect of LV adaptation.