Inadequate adherence to cardiovascular drugs often leads to suboptimal cardiovascular risk factor control and has been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes.20–22 Several studies in the general population have suggested that adherence to statins, antihypertensive drugs, and insulin is worse in women than men.17,18,23,24 Nevertheless, it is unknown to what extent sex differences in drug adherence among individuals with diabetes exist and to what extent such differences, if present, may explain the greater excess cardiovascular risk in women with diabetes compared with men. Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.