In order to generate a cDC1 signature, Böttcher et al. used a cDC1 signature composed of 4 genes, the expression of which is restricted to this population: CLEC9A, XCR1, CLNK and BATF3. This signature score was then analyzed in the TCGA database, showing that a strong cDC1 tumor infiltration is associated with an improved survival in patients with head and neck, breast or lung cancer and metastatic melanoma [183]. Here, MPPE1 is linked to neoplasm.