The fusion TMPRSS2-ERG was occasionally detected in advanced cancers, not initially carrying a diagnosis of prostate carcinoma; Lara and coworkers reported that TMPRSS2-ERG fusions were identified for 0.86% (250/29,030) of male cancer patients, including 30% of prostate cancer patients and six tumors classified as squamous carcinoma, without evidence of prostate cancer [103]. The gene discussed is TMPRSS2; the disease is cancer.