The markers of endothelial dysfunction: angiopoietin-2 and serum fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) have been shown to correlate with serum creatinine, serum cystatin C, serum, and urine NGAL in the early phase of AP [66,67,109]. The gene discussed is LCN2; the disease is alkaline phosphatase measurement.