TGFB1 and Chagas disease: Here, we observed that the higher levels of TGF-β activity in an experimental model of Chagas disease chronic phase, with C57BL/6 mice infected with Colombian strain of T. cruzi, was followed by a punctate, diffuse and non-uniform cardiac pattern of Cx43 staining, corroborating previous data in mouse models [19,29,46] and non-human primates [47] and patients with cardiac damage due to chronic Chagas disease [8].