TNF and colitis: In colitis models induced by different methods, EGCG was reported to decrease a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6) [14,17,18,19], interleukin-17 (IL-17) [18], monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) [14], tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) [14,17,19], and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) [19], while increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-10 (IL-10) [18] and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) [18].