CYCS and cancer: This caused mitochondrial transmembrane potential dissipation and activated of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway via release of cytochrome-C, down-regulation of Bcl-X(L) and up-regulation Bax, followed by caspase 9 and 3 activation and apoptosis in ovarian [44], head and neck squamous carcinoma (SCC25) [25] and gallbladder (SGC996) [31] cancer cell lines.