CD4 and anal squamous cell carcinoma: 25 More recently, the induction of anti-TERT Th1 response after immunogenic polychemotherapy significantly increased progression-free survival in patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma.26 Thus, we strongly believed that the presence of a functional anti-TERT CD4+ Th1 response may create a suitable inflamed environment for immune checkpoint inhibitor actions, in turn, improving therapy efficacy.