CD8A and neoplasm: Many reports emphasise the need for predictive biomarkers, in the hope of increasing responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors.47,48 Current biomarkers are focused on PD-L1 expression, CD8+ TILs and tumour mutational burden, however, emerging blood-based biomarkers have attracted considerable interest.49,50 Indeed, liquid biopsy offers numerous advantages, including the potential for serial assessment and dynamic monitoring with minimal invasiveness.