To confirm the upregulation of Nogo-B, we examined Nogo-B mRNA and protein levels using 11 additional paired tumors and adjacent noncancerous livers from murine NASH-associated HCC by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) (Supplementary Fig. 1B) and western blot analysis (Fig. 1c). This evidence concerns the gene RTN4 and hepatocellular carcinoma.