In an Eastern European study using significantly lower animal numbers,researchers found 10 candidate genes (pentraxin 3[PTX3], interleukin-6[IL6], C-type lectin domain family 4 member[CLEC4E], interleukin 8[IL8], interleukin 1 receptor antagonist[IL1RN], interleukin 15 receptor subunit alpha[IL15RA], tumor necrosis factor superfamilymember 13 [TNFSF13], suppressor of cytokinesignaling 3 [SOCS3], tumor necrosis factor[TNF], and toll-like receptor 3[TLR3]) for resistance to mastitis andgastrointestinal parasitism [58]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is mastitis.