Exosomes released from LMP1-positive NPC cells contain LMP1, cellular miRNAs, EBERs, signal transduction proteins and HIF-1α (Ceccarelli et al., 2007; Meckes et al., 2010; Aga et al., 2014; Yoon et al., 2016). Here, PDLIM7 is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.