CASP3 and colonic neoplasm: The ethanol extract of H. diffusa Willd at 0.5–5 mg/ml could induce apoptosis via mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway by alteration of the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax with downregulating antiapoptotic Bcl-2, upregulating proapoptotic Bax, and activating caspases-3 and -9 in colon cancer HT-29 cells (Lin et al., 2010).