The present analysis updates the long‐term safety and efficacy results of the ONO‐4538‐05 and ONO‐4538‐06 studies, with a focus on OS, and includes a subgroup analysis of tumor PD‐L1 expression status in Japanese patients with advanced or recurrent SQ and non‐SQ NSCLC at a median follow‐up of approximately 3 years. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.