These authors found a leptin decrease after a 12-month KD in patients affected by DRE aged between one and 40 years, following various KDs, such as cKD and medium chain triglyceride (MCT) KD which uses a fat supplement consisting only of MCT fats that produce ketones more easily than the long-chain ones used in the cKD. The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is chronic kidney disease.