Rutin has been shown to protect mice from HFD-induced obesity and adipocyte hypertrophy, and to up-regulate the transcription of genes (deiodinase 2 (Dio2), Elovl3, PGC-1α, UCPs) involved in energy expenditure in BAT and to maintain glucose sensitivity [32]. The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.