VEGFA and ovarian carcinoma: Separately, phase 3 randomized trials of 3-pathway modulation (immune checkpoint inhibitor in combination with PARPi and VEGF inhibition) are now being investigated in the front-line setting for ovarian cancer treatment (e.g., avelumab (PD-L1 inhibitor) + talazoparib (PARPi) + bevacizumab, ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03642132).