INS and chronic kidney disease: In multivariable logistic regression, there was a significant increase in the risk of cf-PWV > 10 m/s (OR = 1.86, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.37–2.53, Pfor trend < 0.001), ba-PWV > 1800 cm/s (OR = 1.39, [95% CI] 1.05–1.84, Pfor trend= 0.02), MAU (OR = 1.61, [95% CI] 1.22–2.13, Pfor trend < 0.001) and CKD (OR = 1.67, [95% CI] 1.10–1.50, Pfor trend= 0.02) after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, smoking habit, hypertension, family history of premature CVD, diabetes, HDL-C, LDL-C, insulin therapy and statin therapy.