Since treatment with melatonin enhances the reduced CaMKII autophosphorylation levels in the hippocampal CA1 region and then improves the cognitive impairment in an animal model of autism [166], we suggest that ramelteon initially improves the decreased CaMKII activity (neuronal activity) in the ACC and in turn suppresses the elevated neuronal and CaMKII activities in the BLA, thereby, reversing the impaired fear extinction in Fabp3 null mice (Figure 4). The gene discussed is FABP3; the disease is Cognitive impairment.