Our findings confirm that hsa-miR-21 could be considered as a potential oncogene in NSCLC able to induce tumor progression, This hipothesys is supported also by previous studies that put in light the functional role of hsa miR-21 in NSCLC cell line during apoptosis and acquired drug resistence [41,42] Therefore, both TGFβ-1 and hsa-miR-21 might represent relevant targets for therapeutic intervention in NSCLC. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.