TP53 and cancer: For example, whole exome sequencing (WES) of 123 human OS tumors identified somatic mutations in TP53 and RB1 (47% combined) alongside candidate driver mutations in an additional 14 cancer genes including BRCA2, RET, ATM, PTEN, WRN, and ATRX. However, only TP53 and RB1 bore somatic mutation rates >3%5.