For example, 0.1–1 μM of full length tau-441 oligomers produced by seeding with oligomers from AD brain, amyloid β or α-synuclein were toxic to cells, as measured by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4 sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay (Lasagna-Reeves et al., 2010, 2012a). The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.