MTOR and neoplasm: Here, immunohistochemistry (IHC) results showed the weakest staining of phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR) and phosphorylated S6 ribosomal protein (p-S6), two important activated proteins of mTOR signalling, in the tumour tissues of the group receiving the combination of verteporfin and 5-Fu or DOX (Fig. 3d; Additional file 1: Fig. S1D).