As shown in Fig. 5, there were 12 major enriched pathways including ‘MAPK signaling pathway’, ‘inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels’ and ‘Hepatitis B’, etc. The network included 12 interconnected and enriched genes: PDYN, IRAK4, HSPA1L, GRIN2D, SLC25A6, NFATC3, INPP5D, CREB3L1, APBB1, EGR3, RBM8A and EIF4G3. Here, APBB1 is linked to hepatitis B virus infection.