In canonical CLR signaling, both TRAF6-TAK1 interaction and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) phosphorylation are initial events involved for CARD9-Bcl10-MALT1 complex and downstream MAPK and NF-κB activation, adaptor Syk-coupled CLRs including Dectin1/2 and Mincle mediate innate immunity against fungal infection (92, 93, 112). The gene discussed is SYK; the disease is fungal infectious disease.