For instance, a combination of anti-PD-1 plus anti-LAG-3 is currently in phase II clinical trials in patients with several solid cancer types, including NSCLC (NCT03365791), as well anti-PD-1 plus anti-TIM-3 antibodies (NCT03708328) and anti-PD-1 plus anti-TIGIT (NCT03563716). Here, PDCD1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.