In SLE, the serum or plasma levels of platelet associated molecules, such as HMGB1, S100A8/A9, sCD40L, and CCL5 as well as platelet derived PMPs harboring IgGs have been shown to correlate with the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) score (105, 110, 124, 209, 210). The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.