Once activated, the NLRP3/ASC inflammasome mediates caspase-1-dependent IL-1β signaling activation that regulates the maturation of IL-1β and IL-18 (Webster and Goodall, 2017), and interferes with chlamydial infectivity, thus defending the host against chlamydial infection. Here, IL1B is linked to chlamydia trachomatis infectious disease.