Although our data cannot firmly demonstrate that SLAMF3 upregulation is necessary and/or sufficient for the observed chronic inflammatory phenotypes of T cells in T2D patients, these results indicate that SLAMF3 upregulation provides a marker for activated T cells that are the major source of T cell-derived proinflammatory cytokines in T2D patients. This evidence concerns the gene LY9 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.