S100A8 and Peptic ulcer: However, in logistic regression analysis including epidemiological factors as potential confounders, we recognized the subsequent significant associations: gastritis with ureC presence, meaning H. pylori infection (OR 3.3, 95%CI 1.4–7.9, p = 0.006), BMI index (OR 1.13, 95%CI 1.0–1.3, p = 0.032), and negatively with iceA1 presence (OR 0.3, 95%CI 0.1–1.0, p = 0.049); peptic ulcer with cagA presence (OR 7.7, 95%CI 1.4–41.6, p = 0.018) whereas GERD with iceA1 (OR 4.5, 95%CI 1.4–15.2, p = 0.014) and negatively with cagA (OR 0.32, 95%CI 0.1–0.9, p = 0.025).