SMAD4 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: In addition, one sample (NPC_076T) was found to harbor the SMAD4 R361H mutation, which is a known hotspot mutation that interferes TGF‐β‐mediated signaling.25 Thus, we further studied mutations involved in the TGF‐β signaling pathway (TGFBR2 and SMAD4) and evaluated their phenotypes in the context of NPC tumorigenesis.