Our findings are consistent with a randomized trial that demonstrated that multi‐domain interventions—where exercise was a key component—resulted in cognitive benefits in older people.27 Furthermore, exercise has been associated with larger hippocampal volumes, increased gadolinium perfusion, and improved complex object recognition.28 Exercise is likely to be beneficial in reducing the vascular contributions to cognitive impairment from metabolic abnormalities, such as insulin resistance. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Cognitive impairment.