On the other hand, Ras signaling molecules such as FGFR2, PLA2G2A and PLA2G5 have been shown to be involved in vascular remodeling, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)50–52. Here, FGFR2 is linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.