In the innate immune response to virus infection, the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) RIG-I and MDA-5 recognize cytosolic viral RNA and promote the oligomerization of the mitochondrial antiviral signaling adaptor protein (MAVS; also known as IPS-1, VISA, and Cardif)4, which recruits TBK1 and IKKi kinases to activate IRF3 and IRF7 transcription factors2. This evidence concerns the gene MAVS and viral infectious disease.