To examine whether protein acetylation is involved in the regulation of dNTP synthesis, human lung cancer H1299 cells were treated with two different deacetylase inhibitors, trichostatin A (TSA) that inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC) classes I, II, and IV, and nicotinamide (NAM) that inhibits sirtuin family members24, alone or in combination, leading to increased global lysine acetylation in cells (Supplementary Fig. 1a. Here, HDAC9 is linked to lung carcinoma.