These findings in combination with the eQTL findings suggest that the ZRANB3 locus may act directly, through other loci that it regulates (e.g., DGKB, GTF3AP5-AGMO, and IL23R/IL12RB2) or in combination with those loci to produce the pathophysiological changes that lead to altered glucose metabolism and T2D. Here, GTF3AP5 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.